To know about the different IC fabrication techniques, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES ION IMPLANTATION Ion Implantation is an alternative to a deposition diffusion and is used to produce a shallow surface region of dopant atoms deposited into a silicon wafer. This technology has made significant roads into […]
To know about the different IC fabrication techniques, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES Diffusion of Dopant Impurities The process of junction formation, that is transition from p to n type or vice versa, is typically accomplished by the process of diffusing the appropriate dopant impurities in a high
To know more about lithographic process and it’s basic types, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES TAKE A LOOK : PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY Electron-beam lithography provides better resolution then photolithography. This is possible because of small wavelength of the 10-50 KeV electrons. The resolution of electron-beam lithography system is not limited
To know more about lithographic process and it’s basic types, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES TAKE A LOOK : PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY The photolithography has its resolution limited by diffraction effects. To improve the resolution, therefore, the diffraction effects are reduced by reducing the wavelength. However, if the wavelength is
To know more about lithographic process and it’s basic types, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES TAKE A LOOK : PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY Ion-Beam Lithography Ion-beam lithography, when used to expose resist, provides higher resolution than that possible with an electron-beam because of less scattering. Also, resists are more sensitive to
To know more about the basics, click on the link below. TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES When a sample of crystalline silicon is covered with silicon dioxide, the oxide-layer acts as a barrier to the diffusion of impurities, so that impurities separated from the surface of the silicon by a layer of oxide
To know the basics click on the following links TAKE A LOOK : IC FABRICATION TECHNIQUES TAKE A LOOK : SILICON SUBSTRATE PREPARATION TAKE A LOOK : CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION (CVD) Utility of Thermal Oxidation The function of a layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) on a chip is multipurpose. SiO2 plays an important role in
Chemical Vapor Deposition Process In this article, Chemical Vapor Deposition process is explained in detail. The epitaxial deposition, uses, and also the epitaxial growth of silicon is explained in detail. Doping and Autodoping, Epitaxial Reactors, Epitaxial Growth Process, their advantages and disadvantages are also explained. The different types of CVD reactors and their advantages and
Silicon Substrate Preparation Process In this article the details on how a silicon substrate is prepared is given.We have structured the article into 5 sections as give below for easy and effective reading. 1. The silicon crystal growth 2. Electronic grade silicon production 3. Czochralski Crystal Growth Process 4. Wafer preparation 5. Wafer processing If
IC Fabrication Techniques In this article, the different processing techniques that are needed for IC , transistor and diode fabrication are listed. A small procedure of the fabrication process is also explained. In a monolithic IC, all the circuit components are fabricated into or top of a block of silicon which is referred to as
The “Universal Product Codeâ€, also known as UPC Bar Code can be found in almost all packages that you buy from department stores, grocery stores or any other stores. In this post we will discuss on where these codes come from and their actual use. You can also go through the topic Invention Story of
We have seen the use of facial recognition technology in many movies. A photo of the person to be identified will be obtained from some hidden camera. It will then be run in through the police database so as to find a match with their existing records. At last a match will be found and
Hi All Readers of CircuitsToday, As there is serious discussions going on about our previous Automatic LED Emergency Light Circuit using LM 317, Mr.Seetharaman has come up with a modified version of the same which answers many of the doubts raised in our Comments section. Note: Mr.Seetharaman has developed a new version of Automatic LED
Overview Direct to home technology refers to the satellite television broadcasting process which is actually intended for home reception. This technology is originally referred to as direct broadcast satellite (DBS) technology. The technology was developed for competing with the local cable TV distribution services by providing higher quality satellite signals with more number of channels.
Almost all the electronic circuits mentioned in this site are designed and built on a PCB board. But you cannot build these electronic circuits if you do not know the basics of soldering. If you do not know to solder well, the solder joints will not be perfect and thus the circuit will have serious
“] Electronic Ink [E-ink We have seen the working of electronic displays like Liquid Crystal Displays, SED TV’s, and Touch screen technology and so on. Even though we rely mostly on monitors nowadays we must not forget the fact that the basic display mechanism is paper the early 105 AD when the Chinese invented it.
On February 11th, 2010, NASA launched a new spacecraft called the Solar Dynamics Observatory [SDO], which was designed to give more knowledge and clearer images of the Sun than any other spacecraft that has been launched before for this purpose. On April 21st, 2010, the scientists of NASA have quoted their experiment with the SDO
To know the basics of Logic Gates and their applications, click on the links below. TAKE A LOOK : LOGIC GATES TAKE A LOOK : HALF ADDER AND FULL ADDER TAKE A LOOK : FLIP FLOPS With the invention of Logic gates, we can design electronic circuits that can simply work as a calculator to
Before knowing more about the master-slave flip flop you have to know more on the basics of a J-K flip flop and S-R flip flop. To know more about the flip flops, click on the link below. So in this article, we are learning in detail about Master Slave Flip Flops. We will see what
Flip Flop – Triggering Methods This article explains the basic pulse triggering methods like HIGH Level Triggering, LOW Level Triggering, POSITIVE edge triggering and NEGATIVE edge triggering with the help of symbolic representation. The basic principle of clock pulse transition is also explained. To know the basics of flip flops and its different types click
In this article, let’s learn about different types of flip flops used in digital electronics. Basic Flip Flops in Digital Electronics This article deals with the basic flip flop circuits like S-R Flip Flop, J-K Flip Flop, D Flip Flop, and T Flip Flop along with truth tables and their corresponding circuit symbols. Before going
Half Adder and Full Adder Circuit Half Adder and Full Adder circuits is explained with their truth tables in this article. Design of Full Adder using Half Adder circuit is also shown. Single-bit Full Adder circuit and Multi-bit addition using Full Adder is also shown. Before going into this subject, it is very important to
A digital system is basically a binary world. One where the language is restricted to 1s and 0s. Therefore, to make the best of these 1s and Os, logic gates form the foundation to build a digital system that we know today. Hence, if you are keen on understanding digital electronics, you must be clear
Boolean Logic In this article, the basics of Boolean Logic is explained Boolean Logic or Boolean Algebra is the description of a set of objects using two basic logic’s – TRUE & FALSE. The relation between these two logics is used to figure out the truth of an expression. Boolean Logic is considered to be
We tend to store all photos digitally rather than keeping a hard copy of them. Whenever we need to see them or show it to our friends, we take it from our mobile and show them. All we do is waste more of our digital space. There is nothing satisfactory like watching and enjoying our
