Tutorials

Working of DVD Player

Here we are going to look at how a DVD player works and the essential components for its working. Parts of a DVD Player The DVD player is not only used for playing the data present in a DVD, but also to write the content onto a DVD. To know this process it is essential […]

Audio Circuits, USB Circuits

USB sound card

Description. Designing and building a USB sound card is no longer a head ache because we have got the PCM 2702 integrated circuit from Texas Instruments. The PCM2702 is an integrated 16 bit digital to analog converter that has two digital to analog output channels. The integrated interface controller of PCM2702 is compliant to the

Amplifier Circuits, Audio Circuits

40W amplifier using TDA1514

Description. Many electronic circuits dealing with audio amplifier circuits have been published here. This is just another one and here we use the TDA 1514 high performance hi-fi amplifier from Philips. The IC has a bunch of useful features like thermal protection, mute-standby facility, low harmonic distortion etc. The amplifier operates from a dual +25/-25

555 Timer IC

Voltage doubler circuit using NE555

Description. The circuit diagram of a very simple voltage doubler using NE555 timer is shown here. Here IC NE555 is wired as an astable mutivibrator operating at around 9KHz. The base of the two transistors (Q1 and Q2) is shorted and output of the astable multivibrator (pin 3) is connected to it. When the output

Audio Circuits

3 way active cross- over network

Description. Here is the schematic of a 3 way active cross- over network circuit that finds a lot of application in audio amplifier systems. The heart of this circuit is National Semiconductor’s IC LF353 which is a dual JFET input operational amplifier with internally compensated input offset voltage. The IC LF353 has high bandwidth, low

Tutorials

Blu-Ray Technology – Working

After the invention of the Digital Versatile Disc [DVD], the true digital sound effect and high clarity video effects were brought to all homes.  But the hunger for high-definition videos and audio along with a high-capacity storage disc led to the invention of the Blu-ray Disc [BD]. They have the same capabilities of a DVD,

Tutorials

Working of Flexplay DVD

What is Flexplay DVD? In most foreign countries, people rent a lot of DVD’s from the shop. All you have to do is watch the movie and return the DVD back within the agreed time. But, if we are pretty much unorganized, we tend to forget about the DVD. This is where the DVD rental

Tutorials

Working of Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)

What is a DVD? A Digital Versatile Disc/Digital Video Disc [DVD], is an optical disc storage medium like a compact disc [CD], but with greater data storage and high quality audio and video formats. The clarity, when comparison with a CD is almost six times higher. A DVD can be termed in different ways according

Tutorials

Working of Fuel Processors

In the blog post on fuel cells I have explained the way hydrogen and oxygen react to produce electricity with water as a by-product. There also some disadvantages with this method. The problems include the improper storing and distribution of hydrogen. What is a fuel processor? When comparing a hydrogen fuel cell to that of

Amplifier Circuits, Audio Circuits

2 x 32 Watts stereo amplifier

Description. The circuit given here is of a 2 x 32 Watt stereo amplifier using the famous TDA2050V IC from ST Microelectronics. The TDA2050V is an integrated monolithic 32 watt class AB audio amplifier IC available in the Pentawatt package. The IC has lot of good features like low distortion, short circuit protection, thermal shut

Tutorials

Working of Fuel Cells

What is a Fuel Cell? Fuel Cell is an electrochemical device that is used to convert an open source fuel into electricity. An electrolytic process has to take place inside a cell in which there is an open source fuel [hydrogen] and an oxidant [oxygen]. Both the fuel and oxidant reacts in the presence of

Tutorials

How to make an Air-Core Inductor

Sometimes you may be unable to find a particular inductor the market. This is actually a problem faced by most of the electronic hobbyists and the problem becomes more serious if your project is RF related. The inductors required for RF circuits (antenna, tuner, amplifier etc) are almost impossible to find in the market and

Amplifier Circuits, Audio Circuits

4 X 15 Watt power amplifier

Description. A lot of electronic circuits in the domain of audio amplifiers are already been published here. This circuit is a little different because it is a four channel amplifier. Each channel of this amplifier can deliver an output of 15Watts into a 4 ohm speaker. The amplifier can be operated from a single 12V

Home Circuits

How to make a Rheostat

Although the below explained process is not applicable for any electronic circuits, you will clearly get a clear idea on how a rheostat works. DIY Rheostat – Components The components needed for the connection are Flashlight bulb and socket [1] Dry cell lantern battery/D-cell battery [2] Wire [About 15 to 17 inches and another one

Tutorials

Difference Between Potentiometer and Rheostat

Potentiometer and Rheostat In this article, the working and circuit symbols of potentiometer and rheostat are explained. The types of potentiometers used and their uses are also explained in this post. Rheostat vs Potentiometer is also explained. I have already explained the working of a variable resistor and its applications in electronic circuits. Here are

Variable resistor
Tutorials

Variable Resistor – Working

Variable Resistors – Working and Applications This article clearly defines and explains the working of variable resistors, the variable resistance specification, types, and applications. Variable resistors find its application in most of the electronic circuits used today. We have been getting a lot of comments with questions on how a variable resistor works and so

VLSI

Cadence Design Framework II

Cadence Design Framework II All the tools from cadence for the VLSI design process use the same unique database called Design Framework II (DFII). It is a binary database that stores the data as objects. In the world of Electronic Design Automation (EDA), there are different types of objects and each representing a distinct concept.

Audio Circuits, Motor Related

Automatic cooler fan for amplifiers

Description. The schematic of an automatic cooler fan for audio amplifiers is given here. The circuit automatically switch ON the cooler fan whenever the temperature of the heat sink exceeds a preset level. This circuit will save a lot of energy because the cooler fan will be OFF when the amplifier is running on low

Motor Related

Low voltage DC motor speed control circuit

Description. Here is the circuit diagram of a low voltage /low power DC motor speed controller based on the IC TDA 7274 from ST Microelectronics. The IC TDA 7274 is a monolithic integrated DC motor speed controller intended for low voltage/ low power applications. Built in internal voltage reference voltage, wide input voltage range (1.8

Tutorials

Working of SED TV

The Surface Conduction Electron Emitter Display [SED] is almost similar to a CRT, and hence is easier to explain when compared to a CRT display. Although a CRT display is huge and heavy, the picture quality, viewing angle and also visual artefacts are very much appreciable.  But, when the combination of the picture quality of

555 Timer IC, Tone generator circuits

Police siren using NE555

Description. A lot of electronic circuits using NE555 timer IC are already published here and this is just another one.Here is the circuit diagram of a police siren based on NE55 timer IC. The circuit uses two NE555 timers ICs and each of them are wired as astable multivibrators.The circuit can be powered from anything

Switching Circuits

Hall Effect switch

Description. The circuit diagram shown here is of a Hall Effect switch. Hall Effect sensor IC DN6848 from Panasonic is the heart of the circuit. The DN6848 has a built-in Hall Effect sensor, Schmitt trigger circuit, power supply regulator and temperature compensation circuits integrated to a single chip. High sensitivity, low drift and excellent temperature

Tutorials

Working of Circuit Breakers

Before going to the depth of this article, there are a few basics that you should know. Especially, about the exact working of electricity. Electricity mainly depends on three parameters. They are voltage, current and resistance. These three parameters are related to each other and a proportional change occurs to these parameters, when a change

Tutorials

LCD vs Plasma Display

When a person is buying a product, he always tries to buy the best one, available at the most affordable prices. This is where the proble starts for both LCD and Plasma displays. Both of them are equally good displays with some advantages as well as disadvantages. Let us compare both of them with respect

Tutorials

Working of Plasma Display

The basic of any television is the Cathode Ray Tube [CRT]. We have been using this technology for the past 75 years. But there are a lot of disadvantages for a CRT. The display lacks in clarity,  and the size of the screen is huge. They become bulkier in size with the increase in screen

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